Affordable housing – Kate Sykes for District Five

The District Five Insider is a newsletter about the big decisions making their way through the City Council, what they mean for District Five, and how you can get involved. Enter your email and click subscribe to receive this newsletter in your mailbox.

Tuesday March 18, 2025

One Big (HUGE!) Thing: City Council Approves Social Housing Task Force

Last night, the Portland City Council voted unanimously to establish a Mayoral Task Force to study and recommend a public-led social housing program, a decisive and historic step toward building Portland’s future.

For me, this moment is deeply meaningful. When I ran for City Council in 2023, social housing was the central plank of my campaign platform. I heard from residents across the district who called for bold solutions to the housing crisis, and who understood that relying solely on private development and non-profits wasn’t enough to meet the scale of our need. Now, after a year of steady groundwork, we are moving forward.

Why This Matters

The truth is, Portland has very little power to control how much affordable housing actually gets built. In the past four years, the City Council has approved 16 applications for affordable housing developments using public subsidies. Only three of those projects have made it to construction, and just two have opened their doors. The rest are still waiting in line, often for years, for MaineHousing to fund them.

City staff and councilors spend significant meeting and staff time, and public resources and tax dollars reviewing and underwriting these applications, only for many to fall through due to delays, waitlists, and spiraling construction costs. This is not a criticism of the developers themselves; many are doing their best under a broken system, but we must recognize that this system is failing us.

That is why we need public leadership in housing. Social housing gives us the power to build at scale, to address the “missing middle,” to ensure long-term affordability, and to steward public funds more efficiently by keeping the value of what we build in the hands of the people. Social Housing is just like owning a home versus renting one: when you own, every dollar you invest in maintenance, improvements, or paying down the mortgage builds equity that stays with you and your family. When you rent, that value flows to someone else.

Right now, we are effectively renting housing from Wall Street, pouring public money into a system that transfers value to banks and corporate investors. With social housing, the public owns the asset, and the value it generates, which can be reinvested into more housing and stronger communities.

What’s Next

The Social Housing Task Force will begin its work as soon as members are appointed. The application process will move quickly and will follow the same process used to appoint members to city boards and committees, beginning with the City Clerk’s Office and landing on the agenda of the Legislative and Nominating Committee.

We are looking for residents from all walks of life who want to help shape Portland’s housing future. Members of the public will be chosen to represent backgrounds in housing development, architecture, public finance, labor, climate policy, legal services, and community advocacy. Per Councilor April Fournier’s amendment, which passed unanimously last night, the task force will also include at least two members from underserved populations with lived experience navigating Portland’s housing market. Seats will also include: two City Councilors; a representative from the Planning Board; a member of the Economic Development Committee; city staff with expertise in housing, finance, and planning.

This is an exciting opportunity for residents to engage in transformational work to help envision and design the kind of housing system that can support a thriving economy, a strong labor market, and a more equitable Portland for generations to come.

Portland First: The City Maine Needs to Lead

As Maine’s largest city, Portland has a responsibility to build the bulk of the housing our state desperately needs. We have the infrastructure, public services, transit, and walkability to support smart, sustainable growth. If we don’t build here, growth will spill into surrounding towns, leading to sprawl, traffic congestion, and environmental degradation—outcomes that make life harder for everyone.

The data is stark: Since 1970, Portland’s population has grown just 5%, while Cumberland County has grown 61%. If Portland had kept pace, we would be over 100,000 people today. Instead, growth has leapfrogged us, pushing working families and young people out of the city and straining our region’s resources.

Social housing gives us the tools to reverse this trend. By building the housing Portland needs—right here, where the infrastructure already exists—we can help protect Maine’s natural resources from sprawl and overdevelopment. Portland has always been the heart of Maine’s economy; by growing responsibly and equitably, we can support the entire state while preserving the landscapes and communities that make Maine special.

Let’s Build It Together

This is a moment for optimism and action. Portland’s spirit is captured in one word: Resurgam, “I shall rise again,” which is cast into the metalwork of the gates at City Hall, a lasting symbol of our city’s resilience after the Great Fire of 1866.

We are a city that knows how to rebuild, not just from fire, but from every challenge we’ve faced. We know the value of hard work, collective effort, and laying a strong foundation for future generations. Social housing is our opportunity to carry that legacy forward, to build not just homes, but a stronger, fairer city where everyone can thrive.

The task force application process will begin soon, and I’ll be keeping residents updated on its progress through this newsletter. If you’re interested in applying or want to learn more, reach out anytime. This is your chance to help shape Portland’s housing future, one that complements our zoning reforms, supports a strong labor market, and brings us into a new era of prosperity, livability, and resilience.

If you’re interested in applying, or if you have questions, reach out to me anytime. I’m happy to talk about the process and what the task force will entail.

You can also read more about social housing in my article for Pine and Roses.

ksykes@portlandmaine.gov 207-558-5764

Notice: Under Maine law, documents – including e-mails and text messages – in the possession of public officials or city employees about government business may be classified as public records. There are very few exceptions. As a result, please be advised that what is written in a text message or e-mail could be released to the public and/or the media if requested.

Welcome to the District Five Insider, a newsletter about the big decisions making their way through the City Council, what they mean for District Five, and how you can get involved. Enter your email and click subscribe to receive this newsletter in your mailbox.

Wednesday November 27, 2024

Defending Portland’s Green New Deal: Building a City That Works for Everyone

Portland’s Green New Deal (GND) is a bold initiative passed by voters in 2020 to tackle the housing crisis, advance environmental sustainability, and protect workers’ rights. At its core is a commitment to equity through inclusionary zoning, which ensures that new developments contribute to affordable housing. Yet, as predictable as the tides, some developers and business groups have criticized this policy, claiming it hinders progress. Let’s break down why these critiques miss the mark—and why the GND is essential for Portland’s future.

The Case for Inclusionary Zoning

Inclusionary zoning requires that developments with 10 or more units dedicate 25% to affordable housing, or contribute a fee to Portland’s Housing Trust Fund. Critics claim this discourages development, but since the GND’s enactment in 2020, Portland has approved and built more affordable housing units. Developers like Tom Landry argue that without these requirements, they “could have” built more. The question is, more of what?

Would it be more luxury condos with sky-high price tags that working families can’t afford? More second and third homes for the wealthy, that sit empty for half the year, while the people who make Portland run day-to-day are forced out of the city? The idea that simply building more market-rate housing will solve the housing crisis ignores reality. For years, we had development focused on high-end units, with the promise that affordability would eventually follow. It didn’t. Portland deserves better than the fantasy of “trickle-down” housing.

Incentives Aren’t the Problem

Some critics suggest that developers need more incentives to build affordable housing. Let’s be honest: the profit margins on luxury condos and high-end apartments are already incentive enough. Developers aren’t charities—they build where they can maximize returns. Inclusionary zoning makes them consider community impact. The suggestion from the Portland Regional Chamber of Commerce to reverse these requirements rests on a flawed assumption: that developers will voluntarily create affordable housing. History has shown otherwise. Without regulations, the market skews toward high-end projects, leaving working families behind.

Addressing Hotels vs. Housing

Some critics have pointed out the imbalance in how Portland incentivizes hotels over housing, and they are right to do so. However, this issue is not an indictment of the Green New Deal itself. Hotel inclusionary zoning was never part of the GND and has not been updated to meet the higher standards set by it. The disparity lies in the fact that hotel impact fees remain much lower than those applied to residential developments, which creates an uneven playing field and encourages hotel construction over housing. The six-month hotel moratorium that Councilor Ali and I championed gives the Council the time to address this gap and align our policies to prioritize housing development.

Raising the Standards

Before the Green New Deal, Portland’s outdated building codes allowed developers to cut corners, producing cheaply constructed, energy-inefficient buildings. These homes burden working families with high heating bills and worsen our city’s carbon footprint. The GND changed that, mandating modern energy efficiency standards and better materials. These standards save families money, reduce emissions, and ensure new buildings align with Portland’s commitment to sustainability. Developers lament these additional costs, but we must ask: Who pays the price for substandard construction? It’s not them—it’s us.

A Nuanced Approach to Development

Critics who call for the GND to be repealed entirely reflect a reactionary stance rather than a constructive one. Sweeping statements like these overlook the nuance required to address Portland’s housing crisis. Portland’s growth is not a zero-sum game; thoughtful adjustments to the GND and complementary efforts like my proposal for a Mayoral Task Force on Social Housing, which will come before the Housing and Economic Development Committee in early 2025, can help us achieve a balanced, equitable, and sustainable city.

Rejecting False Choices

The media loves to frame these debates as “regulation versus growth” or “affordability versus progress.” But these false choices oversimplify a complex issue. The GND isn’t about choosing between housing or sustainability, between development or fairness—it’s about creating a system that balances these priorities.

Policies like inclusionary zoning, ReCode’s upzoning for density, and social housing aren’t competing solutions; they’re complementary tools in addressing Portland’s housing needs. By embracing nuance and rejecting black-and-white narratives, we can develop solutions that reflect the complexity of the challenges we face.

Defending Portland’s Vision

Make no mistake: a fight is coming. The champions of corporate greed are eyeing 2025 as the year to dismantle the Green New Deal. But they’ll have to contend with me—and with everyone who believes in a Portland that works for all of us. Now is not the time to turn back or abandon a framework that has already made real progress. Together, we’ve laid the foundation for a sustainable and equitable city. It’s up to all of us to protect that vision and keep building toward it.